Tenebrism

Tenebrism – often confused with Chiaroscuro – derives from the Italian word tenebroso meaning dark, gloomy, mysterious. It is more of a compositional technique, in which a stark contrast are developed with deep shadows and light. Part of a painting can be left completely in the dark, i.e. black while – almost literally – illuminating various objects and/or subjects. Darkness is the dominating feature.

Achromatism
Monochromatism
Chiaroscuro
Grisaille